Scientist Wanted

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Summary: Nikola Tesla is an highly influential man who was able to advance our worlds use of electricity. He made inventions such as the alternating current generator and helped with our current radio system. He even moved to america at one point and worked alongside Thomas Edison. He is well known now for being the inspiration behind the Tesla car brand due to it being an all electric car and him being an idol in the terms of advancements in electricity.

Conducting Investigations:
I wanted to ask myself and challenge myself throughout this project what was Nikola Tesla all about? In exploring his life's story I discovered he was born in 1856 July 10th and died on January 7 1943. He went to Graz University of Technology and University of Graz. He had 4 siblings Marica Kosanović, Angelina Tesla,Dane Tesla, and Milka Tesla.He was born in Smiljan, Croatia and his first job was as a assistant engineer. His life was filled with so many things even besides his greatest accomplishments and it's important to see those things. 


System and System Models: 
Nikola Tesla's most famous invention was the alternating current generator. Yet you may be asking how does this thing work? As the article How does an AC generator work and on what principle states; "The moving coil produces motional emfs on both sides of the coil. ... the speed at which the coil or magnetic field rotates. Making AC electricity. When a wire is moved in the magnetic field of a generator, the movement, magnetic field and current are all at right angles to each other.". This was revolutionary to how we generate power which truly makes him a man to remember.

Our Universe

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Summary: Our universe is beautiful. There is so much to it. For example our sun. It is the star that our small piece of our galaxy needs. Did you know that the sun powers itself with nuclear fusion?  I converts hydrogen into helium in its core and when it does so it actually makes nuclear energy. Also one minute of nuclear energy from the sun is more nuclear energy that all of earths nuclear arsenal. Isn't that insane. Our sun in comparison to others is very small and us in comparison to many other things in other solar systems are nothing. The solar system is beautiful because of how vast and unknown it truly is making it so interesting to explore.


Using Models: Meet the pocket solar system. You'll love the innovation of the easy to make model of the solar system. You see surprisingly enough the solar system holds a pattern. That is why when you make this model you can use references starting with the sun and Kuiper Belt and build out from there. For example perfectly in half (relatively) between the Sun and Kuiper Belt is Uranus. More folding can lead you to finding saturn. Then Jupiter. All the way down to Mercury. Giving you the relative placement of all the planets!

Cause and Effect: Have you ever heard of a black hole? Or even a super nova? Well without cause and effect this wouldn't be possible. You see inside a star nuclear fusion is happening all the time. Hydrogen turning into helium and over time the power of the fun decreases until it dies. Dying for a star is called a super nova. Supernova's are catastrophic explosion. To gie you scale the day our sun explodes we will all die. It would take 8 minutes and 20 seconds for the light to travel to earth from the super nova and we wouldn't even know it happened till after those 8 minutes. After the life of our sun or any star it tend to leave a black hole which sucks in everything around it pulling it in.

Stress on the Brain

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Summary: Stress on the brain. Stress can be good at times. It can push you to do better and when it comes down to it it is your fight or flight sense protecting you. Yet the real problem is when you have too much stress. Stress has many effects such as shrinking the brain, handicapping your learning, and messing up your social skills. This is a few of many effects stress can have on the brain now let me tell you the science behind it all.


Analyzing Data:
  You see as we learned what stress really does to the brain we had to reflect upon it to help a survivor of a natural disaster who would be experiencing such stress to get better. Stress releases a hormones in your brain that in abundance an be deadly to the portion of your brain called the hippocampus. The hippocampus is responsible for your learning, long term memory, and other things. Stress can reduce the connections in this section of the brain. As a survivor of something as traumatic as a natural disaster you suffer from a major amount of stress and of course suffer the affects. We had to formulate a plan in which the survivor could follow in order to reduce this oncoming stress. Suggestions included meditation, exercise. reconnecting to your faith and talking to other survivors. All these actions reduce the level of stress in your body making it so survivors don't have to suffer.

Stability and Change:
When it comes to trauma things change yet not always so quickly. People who suffer something traumatic tend to be later diagnosed with anxiety, depression, and PTSD. This causes of course a reworking on how the brain functions day to day. Almost rewiring you in a way that functions in a manner towards the disorder. For a person that suffers from any of these illnesses it is important to gain control of the anxieties that come with the trauma and come to term with all that happened. Talking through things with other people who have suffered similar things or even a therapist can give survivors back their control and stabilize them over time.

Seasons, Eclipses, and Tides Regrade

Question 5:  What season is the Northern Hemisphere in in position #3?: As you can see the correct answer for what season position 3 is is actually fall. To prove this you can even see that in position 2 the northern hemisphere is the most directly facing the sun during that time and just by basic logic you can deduct that since the season after summer is fall position #3 therefore is going to be fall.

Question 6: What season is the Northern Hemisphere in in position #4?: With the same kind of reasoning as before since we know that position #3 is fall due to the order of how our seasons shift ( spring summer fall and winter) we know that the season following fall is always winter. Yet another way to tell is by looking at the poles. You can tell the best which season it is by which pole is pointed towards the sun. As you can see the south pole is closer and pointed closer to the sun than the north pole which is on the opposite side to the sun.

Question 12:   Which tide happens when the sun, earth, and moon, and aligned?:The actual answer is spring tides because when the lunar eclipse is happening you have a full moon which I know this is a lunar eclipse because the formation described was sun earth moon meaning the earth blocks the sun. Well anyways it is a full moon in this position and as we know on a new moon and full moon the earth has spring tides.
Info from this article: http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moontides/

Question 14: What happens when there is a spring tide?: As we discovered in the article spring tides are extremely strong/ high tides. They occur when the moon has a very strong gravitational pull.
Link to info: http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moontides/

Question 17: Why do we experience  the changing of seasons on earth?: We experience the changing of seasons on earth because of the earths tilt on its axis. Since the earth is tilted at approximately 23.5 degrees at different points in its rotation around the sun you get which side of the earth shifting and showing different levels of preference when it comes to direct sunlight.
http://earthsky.org/earth/can-you-explain-why-earth-has-four-seasons

Question 18: When the moon is at full moon or new moon, what type of tide will we experience?
As we know from the fact that the lunar eclipse is a full moon we know that a full moon and new moon produces spring tides!
Info from this article: http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moontides/

Question 19: What season is the Northern Hemisphere in position 4?:
The Northern Hemisphere is in summer. Same logic we applied before we can see that the north pole or the line representing the north pole is pointing the most towards the sun. The tilt of the earth is favoring the northern hemisphere making it so they have the most direct sunlight during this time.

Question 20: what season is the Southern Hemisphere in position 4?:
Due to the fact that the Northern Hemisphere is getting summer time and since we can expect this means the northern hemisphere is getting the most amount of direct sunlight we can assume by logic that the Southern hemisphere can't  be getting that direct sunlight due to it being on the opposite of the northern.Therefore you have to have the southern hemisphere receiving the least amount of light and being winter.

Question 22: At which two points would we experience the highest high tides?:
Well we would experience the highest high tides at positions 1 and 5 or more so the positions of new moon and full moon. These are when spring tides happen which we know as highest high tides!

Question 24: Which two of the following are responsible for seasons?
The answers are the Earth's tilt or it 23.5 degree angle this makes it so when the Earth rotates on its axis different places of the earth aka the Northern hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere get different levels of exposure to the sun.

Question 26: Locations in the Northern Hemisphere are warmest in summer because sunlight in summer is...
Sunlight in summer is the most intense for the longest duration. This is because summer days are actually longer. This is because the angle of the sun is higher during summer than in winter meaning it takes longer for it to leave.
https://www.quora.com/Why-are-days-in-the-summer-longer

Question 28: In New York, the risk of sunburn is greatest at 11am- 3pm because on summer days...
On summer days the angle of the sun is higher meaning the sun is already having the most direct sunlight due to its position and because its high angle makes it stay in the sky longer.

Question 36: There are places in the world that experience 24 hours a day of daylight. Where do you expect this to happen?
 You would expect this to happen on the poles because absolutely no matter what the sun has to be pointing on either the northern hemisphere of the southern hemisphere and to be able to do that they need to tilt near the poles giving those areas sunlight. When the sun is giving preference to a certain hemisphere that pole is getting that sunlight!

Question 37: What is your science teacher's full name ( spelling matters)?:
My science teachers full name is Mariana Garcia Serrato. Serrato goes after Garcia, never before. You don't hyphenate the name because we Americans are weird and have to hyphenate everything. I originally got it wrong because I switched up Serrato and Garcia and totally butchered Serrato spelling it all funky. But NO it is Mariana Garcia Serrato. May I repeat Mariana Garcia Serrato!

Musical Sound Waves Project Blog

Summary:
Sound waves are what makes it so we are able to hear people talking,hear music, and anything along the lines of hearing. Sound waves are made up of vibrations and these vibrations are converted in your ear into electric/chemical signals so your brain is able to understand them. Now that you know a bit about how sound waves lets talk about how to make use of them. A classic example is an instrument. Instruments use vibrations to be able to turn notes into sound waves. When making an instrument the key thing to make sure happen is you can hold a vibration because sound can never be produced without vibrations.  Instruments use this vibration and by covering different holes channels those vibrations in different ways to make our different notes.

Backwards Looking: What problems did you encounter while you were working on this piece? How did you solve them?: 
When we were creating the instrument a main problem was that the mouth piece which is the component in making a vibration had nothing in it that was able to create such a vibration. It was completely flat originally meaning when we would try and breath into it it would just be blowing air into a wall. Then we looked at how a flute works which has a similar mouthpiece to our bass flute and saw that the side you blow into has an edge to it which makes it so when it breaks the air a vibration occurs. Once we shaved this edge into the mouthpiece it was then able to pick up sound.

Inward Looking: How do you feel about this piece of work? What parts of it do you particularly like? Dislike? Why? What did/do you enjoy about this piece or work?:
I felt quite confident about this piece of work. It holds a solid and in tune note as you play it. In particular with the PVC pipe bass flute I enjoy its sound. It has a deep and dark sound making it quite unlike any other instrument I have played before. Some thing I did dislike however is the amount of air to power this instrument can be quite demanding at times making it especially when more holes are covered harder to hold a tone for long.

Outward Looking:Did you do your work the way other people did theirs? In what ways did you do it differently? In what ways was your work or process similar?:
In comparison to other groups I believe the process of making the instrument was quite different. Many groups relied on class time to construct out instrument while our group had the plan that the construction of the instrument due to its materials size would be done outside of class. While some groups took days on end to be able to complete their instrument just using class time for us we busted it out in a single sitting. I believe the process of getting the different components done was quite similar. I had seen many groups also split off just as we had to be able to work on different components of the deliverable. I believe everyone grew to understand that the best way to complete this chunk of work was to well distribute it.

Forward Looking:What would you change if you had a chance to do this piece over again?.:
If I had the chance to do this piece over again I would of course have better knowledge on why originally our instrument wasn't working. This was due to it having no angled side so when you blew into it it would do nothing. Also I would like to practice more making solid notes and being able to change notes easier. I felt our song would have been much more solid if we had cleaner transistions between notes.

Creating an Instrument

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Summary: In building an instrument I can say there are three main components to make sure it works. One, Holding a Vibration. Sound is just a vibration of molecules and if you don't create a situation in which (in reference to wind instruments) that you don't produce a vibration when you blow into the mouth piece you won't make a sound when you try and play. Next we have creating a scale. When you make an instrument its all fine and dandy when you can make it produce a note but instruments are about being able to produce a range of notes of course to make the end goal of making a song. Then finally measurements. Measurements are what make or break an instrument. Making an instrument is about being extremely precise and if your measurements are off that you have just created a completely different thing then you were intending. Being accurate when you measure and holding true to those measurements insures that things work.

S&EP: Conducting Investigations:
Sadly since I am not yet a master instrument crafter you do have a level or variables when making an instrument. You have to really investigate while you craft and test to see if you can make those three main components I mentioned above. You also at times must conduct investigations by looking at things similar to yours. For example we looked at a flute mouth piece when we were in the process of making a bass flute because the way of producing a vibration is the same. Once you have conducted investigations and taken from them you go back to the creation process and use what you have learned.

XCC: Cause and Effect:
Now we have been talking about how precise this process can get and how any small chances can totally throw off the outcome. I'm going to say now this is not an understatement and an inch as we may think of it means a lot more in this fine crafting world. Another cause and effect process you will see a lot of is how an instrument is played. Let me give you the lowdown on how a bass flute works. First off you will blow across the hole in the mouth piece. The air from your breathing will go into the hole and vibrate the instrument. That vibration will keep on passing along. Then if you have your fingers down on the lower holes that change your notes you will get different notes and finally the sound is releases and we can hear the exact sound it produces.

Music Industry Debate: Digital Vs Analog

   
     Dear Mr. Producer,
       Digital vs analog is a huge debate. Me being the next rising musician DJ Fo Shizzle it's important for me to know which one is best platform for my sick beats. You see when we talk analog vs digital this is the format in which music or any other type of wave can be transmitted. When you have sound it is a sound wave. With analog it is a copy or an analogy of what the wave is doing. Digital is ranges of numbers that interpret the wave of in this case sound. Now as a highly professional music producer I know that digital is the way to go when producing music.

      Digital doesn't lose quality over time. As stated in the article Analogue Vs Digital: Advantages and Disadvantages; " One of the biggest cons with analogue is that every time a copy of the audio is made from the original tape, the quality in sound deteriorates a little. This also applies each time the track is played." With digital since digital is a series of numbers you can copy a song millions of times and it will stay the exact same That is why the song lets say Single Ladies sounds the same on every mp3 player (digital) while it will sound different on two different cassette tapes (analog).

   Digital music is easier to store than analog. As pointed out in the Article What is Analog Reading is says; "It's easier to store information in digital form and it generally takes up less room. You'll need several shelves to store 400 vinyl, analog LP records, but with an MP3 player you can put the same amount of music in your pocket! " (Paragraph 8) When it comes to music you usually want to hear your favorite song instantly without much trouble. Think of every time you wanted to hear that one song you needed to go through 400 vinyls to find it instead of a few clicks on something like I Tunes. People tend to be more receptive to listening to your music when it is not as much of a hassle for them to be able to listen.

Digital takes out imperfections and the hassle you deal with when it comes to analog. As the video Analog or Digital? states; "The hype on digital was the perfect solution on all audio problems. No hissing tape or fragile vinyl to contend with and will last forever" (50-57). Digital makes the process of listening to music easier and makes it so you can focus on the song more than the distraction of something like a hissing tape or the worry of breaking the fragile vinyl. Digital provides less worry with means more enjoyment of the music.

Counter Argument:
Analog has its benefits too as my producer suggests so let's talk about some main points in the argument towards using analog. As stated in the article Analog,Digital, What's the difference?;" Digital takes a few “snapshots” of the number line, while analog takes the whole line into account." Analog makes it so what is in the original sound wave is more represented as a whole and doesn't cut out pieces.  People also enjoy things that sound natural which is why as pointed out in the article Recording Analog Vs Digital; "Analogue recordings can be more accurate and natural sounding due to changes in air pressure being captured exactly as recorded." Analog makes it so you are able to capture the raw sound waves more efficiently making it having the sound that its being performed for the first time in front of you.

Rebuttal:
That is all fine and dandy yet hear me out. Digital as I was saying in Paragraph 4, even though analog may have more of the sound and is a better analogy of the wave the forms in which we store this analog music is very inefficient and can even take away from the music all together. With digital you don't have to concerned about your vinyl being cracked or your tape hissing while you listen to your song. Digital also makes songs more accessible for people. As Paragraph 2 talked about digital music can be copied infinite amounts of times and never lose quality. People can have your song right in their pocket on their phone or mp3 player rather than a on a shelf or in a box. With this evidence you have to admit that analog while it has its benefits is just not very accessible to the masses and really has flaws because of the platform it is recorded on (vinyls for example).

So Mr. Producer I hope you take this into deep consideration. I hope I opened your eyes to how digital would be the best platform for my music. It is accessible, doesn't lose quality, and doesn't have issues of damage like analog devices. Digital yes not have the ability to copy the wave perfectly but it does the job that is most important that analog lacks in. It makes it so millions of people can have the same song and enjoy it as quickly as they think of it. With this new information I hope for the sake of my songs and other songs that are produced through your company that you will convert to digital music!

Sincerely, 

DJ Fo Shizzle